Goldstein Lab
UNC Chapel Hill




Our publications on tardigrades (more to come!)

Clark-Hachtel CM, Hibshman JD, De Buysscher T, Stair ER, Hicks LM, Goldstein B (2024). The tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris dramatically upregulates DNA repair pathway genes in response to ionizing radiation. Current Biology 34:1819-1830.

Hibshman JD, Clark-Hachtel CM, Bloom KS, Goldstein B (2024). A bacterial expression cloning screen reveals single-stranded DNA-binding proteins as potent desicco-protectants. Cell Reports 43:114956. doi 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114956.


Harry CJ*, Hibshman JD*, Damatac A, Davidson PL, Estermann MA, Flores-Flores M, Holmes CM, Lázaro J, Legere EA, Leyhr J, Thendral SB, Vincent BA, Goldstein B (2024). Protocol for fluorescent live-cell staining of tardigrades. STAR Protocols 5:103232.

Heikes KL, Goldstein B. Expression patterns of FGF and BMP pathway genes in the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris. bioRxiv 2024.01.29.577774; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.29.577774

Heikes KL, Game M, Smith FW, Goldstein B (2023). The Embryonic Origin of Primordial Germ Cells in the Tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris. Developmental Biology 497:42-58.

Hibshman JD, Carra S, Goldstein B (2023). Tardigrade small heat shock proteins can limit desiccation-induced protein aggregation. Communications Biology, 6:121 doi:10.1038/s42003-023-04512-y.

Goldstein B (2022) Tardigrades. Nature Methods 19:904-905.

Goldstein B (2022). Tardigrades and their emergence as model organisms, in B Goldstein and M Srivastava, Emerging Model Systems in Developmental Biology (pp 173-198), Academic Press.

Giovannini I, Boothby TC, Cesari M, Goldstein B, Guidetti R, Rebecchi L (2022). Production of reactive oxygen species and involvement of bioprotectants during anhydrobiosis in the tardigrade Paramacrobiotus spatialis. Scientific Reports 12:1938.

Hibshman JD, Clegg JS, Goldstein B (2020). Mechanisms of Desiccation Tolerance: Themes and Variations in Brine Shrimp, Roundworms, and Tardigrades. Frontiers in Physiology 11:592016.

Goldstein B (2018). The emergence of the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris as a model system. CSH Protocols 10:859-866.

McGreevy KM, Heikes KL, Kult S, Tharp ME, and B Goldstein (2018). Fluorescent cell staining nethods for living Hypsibius exemplaris embryos. CSH Protocols 10:878-884.

Heikes KL and B Goldstein (2018). Live imaging of tardigrade embryonic development by differential interference contrast microscopy. CSH Protocols 10:974-877.

Smith FW, Cumming M, Goldstein B (2018). Analyses of nervous system patterning genes in the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris illuminate the evolution of panarthropod brains. EvoDevo 9:19.

Smith FW, Bartels PJ, and Goldstein B (2017). A hypothesis for the composition of the tardigrade brain and its implications for panarthropod brain evolution. Integrative and Comparative Biology 57:546-559.

Boothby TC, Tapia H, Brozena AH, Piszkiewicz S, Smith AE, Giovanninni I, Rebecchi L, Pielak GJ, Koshland D, and B Goldstein (2017). Tardigrades use intrinsically disordered proteins to survive desiccation. Molecular Cell 65:975-984.

Smith FW and B Goldstein (2017). Segmentation in Tardigrada and diversification of segmental patterns in Panarthropoda. Arthropod Structure & Development 46:328-340.

Russell JJ, Theriot JA, Sood P, Marshall WF, Landweber LF, Fritz-Laylin L, Polka JK, Oliferenko S, Gerbich T, Gladfelter A, Umen J, Bezanilla M, Lancaster MA, He S, Gibson MC, Goldstein B, Tanaka EM, Hu C-K, and Brunet A (2017). Non-model model organisms. BMC Biology 15:55.

Smith FW, Boothby TC, Giovannini I, Rebecchi L, Jockusch EL, and B Goldstein (2016). The compact body plan of tardigrades evolved by the loss of a large body region. Current Biology 26:224-229. (and a Dispatch article)

Boothby TC, Tenlen JR, Smith FW, Wang JR, Patanella KA, Osborne Nishimura E, Tintori SC, Li Q, Jones CD, Yandell M, Messina DN, Glasscock J, and Goldstein B (2015). Evidence for extensive horizontal gene transfer from the draft genome of a tardigrade. PNAS 112:15976-15981 and follow-up letter

Tenlen, J.R., S. McCaskill and B. Goldstein (2013). RNA interference can be used to disrupt gene function in tardigrades. Development Genes and Evolution 223:171-181. 
(and a Faculty Opinions review)

Gabriel WN, McNuff R, Patel SK, Gregory TR, Jeck WR, Jones CD and Goldstein B (2007).  The Tardigrade Hypsibius dujardini, a New Model for Studying the Evolution of Development. Developmental Biology 312:545-559. (and a Faculty Opinions review)

Gabriel WN and Goldstein B (2007). Segmental Expression of Pax3/7 and Engrailed Homologs in Tardigrade Development.  Development Genes and Evolution 217: 421-433. (and a Faculty Opinions review)

Goldstein B and Blaxter M (2002). Tardigrades. Current Biology 12: R475.


nsf water bears projectOur development of tardigrades as a model system has been supported by
National Science Foundation grants IOS 0235658, IOS 1257320,
IOS 1557432, and IOS
2028860.

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